Saturday, November 3, 2012

THE TRAIN KEEPS ON MOVING

The past has been good to psychology.  The number of successful practitioners, as well as our underlying clinical knowledge base, continues to expand nicely.  Colleagues such as Antonette Zeiss have been appointed to impressive leadership positions within such critical agencies as the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) which has been instrumental in furthering psychology's post-doctoral presence.  Collectively, we have obtained formal recognition under a wide range of federal statutes; for example, the federal criminal code as expert witnesses; eligibility for serving as U.S. Public Health Surgeon General; pay bonuses for obtaining diplomat status; and most recently, the health professions Graduate Psychology Education (GPE) initiative as a result of the persistence and dedication of the APA Education Directorate.  As always, there remain numerous challenges ahead – Medicare's Graduate Medical Education (GME) and the Children's Hospital GME accounts to name but two.  With the enactment of President Obama's landmark Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) [P.L. 111-148] our profession is facing unprecedented challenges throughout the healthcare system, which is rapidly changing from its previous emphasis on reimbursing for specific clinical procedures targeted toward curative care, to a more comprehensive, patient-centered, holistic, data-driven health care system with a high priority on prevention, public health, interdisciplinary care, and effectively utilizing technology – especially, the extraordinary advances in communication sciences (i.e., Health Information Technology).

            Without question, there are several critical provisions within ACA where psychology currently is not recognized; i.e., the very important Accountable Care Organization (ACO) and Patient Centered Medical Home (PCMH) initiatives.  AsKatherine Nordal insightfully stresses at her annual State Leadership conferences, the key for psychology is enthusiastic engagement at the local level, in collaboration with similar-minded partners (such as Doctors of Nursing Practice (DNP) and Clinical Pharmacists (PharmD))  For it is at the state level where the real work of implementing health care reform will be taking place.  Conceptually we are in good shape.  Over the past decade, the Practice Directorate has built a robust State Leadership infrastructure.  APA's governance leadership appreciates the importance of embracing integrated care and expanded roles of practice (such as prescriptive authority (RxP)), as well as tele-psychology and the absolute necessity of licensure mobility.  As always, ultimately the key to recognition and support by our nation's elected officials is effectively addressing society's pressing needs.  Accordingly, we must pause and wonder: Why have we not been collectively interested in obtaining recognition under Medicaid?  And, Why do we not have an active presence within federally qualified community health centers?  For these are the true "safety net" envisioned by President Lyndon Johnson's Great Society?

            What must happen next from my public policy perspective is that our profession's training institutions must learn from their colleagues in medicine and nursing about the importance of possessing "homes of their own."  Within ACA there are impressive incentives recognizing the importance of encouraging the educational institutions of both of these professions to address society's pressing needs (i.e., by providing financial assistance).  For example, Nurse-Managed Health Clinics that will provide comprehensive primary health care and wellness services to vulnerable or underserved populations; a new Medicare Graduate Nurse Education Demonstration program for up to five eligible hospitals to receive support for clinical training costs attributed to providing advanced practice nurses with qualified training.  And, a Teaching Health Centers initiative to expand primary care residency programs.  The Senate Appropriations Committee has recommended that not less than $5 million be expended for the nurse-managed health clinic program, within the $231+ million allocated for nursing training.  The Children's Hospital GME initiative will receive $265+ million exclusively targeted for medical schools, notwithstanding the important psychosocial component of childhood and family care following accidents and for those children afflicted with potentially devastating diseases such as childhood cancer.  Historically, psychology's training programs have expressed little, if any, interest in expanding their legislative presence (other than most recently, under the newly authorized GPE program).

            As educated professionals, we should take serious notice of the unfortunate reality of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) finding that: "The lag between the discovery of more efficacious forms of treatment and their incorporation into routine patient care is unnecessarily long, in the range of about 15 to 20 years.  Even then, adherence of clinical practice to the evidence is highly uneven."  This delay in the translation of evidence to practice is unacceptable and must be addressed.  We must come to appreciate that our training institutions are where the next generation of psychology's practitioners will learn their skills and practice patterns for decades to come.  They are also absolutely critical in bringing the most up-do-date clinical knowledge to the attention of today's practitioners.  With the expanding availability and exciting potential inherent in tele-psychology, virtual realities, and data-driven cross-patient comparisons, it must ultimately be our training institutions (and I expect it will be our professional schools) that must now demonstrate proactive leadership in making these connections – in bringing "town and gown" effectively together.

            For those colleagues who argue that we should not consider ourselves "health care providers"; that psychology should not seek to expand its scope of practice (i.e., pursue RxP); and that we need fewer students, rather than more, I can only say that "the train has already left the station."  Hopefully, our next generation of colleagues will appreciate what they might have individually contributed to our future, notwithstanding.  "I hear the train a comin'."  Aloha,

 

Pat DeLeon, former APA President – Division 42 Viewpoint – September, 2012